How to manage the hatchery farm, increasing the hatching rate

The hatchery farm is a place where the breeding efficiency of breeders is reflected, and it is also a window for the external image of the breeder. The task of incubation is to turn as many fertilized eggs into high-quality chicks as possible to achieve good economic benefits. High incubation rate and good chick quality depend on our incubators' efforts in the management of each link of incubation. In practice, through strict management of details, strengthen the control of incubation conditions, and achieve good hatching results. Let's take a look at the management techniques of the hatchery.

1. Source of breeding eggs. 

Healthy breeders are the basis for obtaining high-quality chicks. The health status of breeders directly affects the quality of breeding eggs and chicks. Only by feeding the breeder flocks with nutritious full-price rations, timely immunization, and careful management, can the breeder be kept healthy and good for breeding body condition and reproductive capacity, and ensure a high egg production rate, egg fertilization rate and hatching rate. The health status of the breeder flock determines the quality of the breeding eggs, which also determines the hatching indicators and the quality of the chicks.

2. Selection and preservation of breeding eggs

  2.1 Selection of breeding eggs Even the eggs laid by good and healthy laying hens are not all suitable for hatching, and selection should be made. Breeding eggs should be clean and pollution-free. The egg weight is between 52 grams and 68 grams, the egg shape index is 0.72 to 0.75, and the specific gravity is about 1.08. Exclude steel preserved eggs, sand preserved eggs, wrinkled eggs, broken eggs, cracked eggs, etc. The color of the eggshell should be Meet the requirements of this species.

  2.2 Breeding eggs storage Generally, the best storage period for breeding eggs is 5-7 days, preferably not more than one week. Especially the aged eggs should be kept as short as possible. Breeding eggs should be kept in an egg storage with insulation and an air conditioner, and the temperature in the storage should be adjusted at any time. The temperature is between 13°C and 18°C (the upper limit of temperature is used for short time, and the lower limit is used for long time), and the relative temperature is maintained at 75%～80% (which can significantly reduce the evaporation of water in the egg, but also prevent mold growth) Maintain good ventilation in the egg store.

3. Control of incubation conditions 

  3.1 Temperature Temperature is an important factor in incubation. In actual production, there are two temperature application programs: constant temperature and variable temperature. Constant temperature at 37.8°C for 1 day to 19 days, 36.5°C to 37.2°C for 20 days to 21 days; variable temperature incubation uses the method of high temperature before and low temperature, such as 38.2°C for 1 day to 4 days, 38.0°C for 5 days to 7 days , 8 days to 12 days 37.8°C, 13 days to 15 days 37.6°C, 16 days to 19 days 37.4°C, 20 days to 21 days 36.5°C to 37.2°C. The difference between the two methods is that the cooling method must be the incubation time of the entire batch, which meets the requirements of the embryonic eggs for the first high temperature and the low temperature. The constant temperature method is suitable for roadway incubator and box machine batch incubation mode, which can save electricity. I think the cooling method is better than the constant temperature method. For the hatching eggs produced in the early stage of the chicken, the incubation temperature should be 0.15°C higher or 6 to 8 hours in advance. 20 days to 21 days at 37°C, the middle period of laying (35-50 weeks), the physical and chemical properties of the breeding eggs are excellent, 37.8°C for hatching, 36.5°C to 37.1°C for hatching, the incubation period is exactly 21 days; the late period of laying (after 50 weeks) ) Minimize the storage time, enter the incubation 4 hours to 6 hours in advance, the incubation temperature is 0.1℃ lower, and the hatching time is about 37.2℃. Whether the temperature is appropriate can be checked by "seeing the temperature of the fetus".

  3.2 Ventilation Embryos must continuously exchange gas with the outside world during the entire development process. Ventilation can provide oxygen needed for embryo development, discharge carbon dioxide, make the temperature in the incubator uniform, and dissipate residual heat. Open the air door for ventilation according to the principle of "small in front and large in back". Our approach is to “off” for 1 to 3 days, “small” for 4 to 12 days, “medium” for 13 to 17 days, and open to “maximum” after 18 days until the end, but the early ventilation is large, and It will not increase the hatching rate, but will only waste electrical energy.

  3.3 Humidity with suitable humidity, the embryo will be heated evenly in the early stage, and the chicks will be hatched by heat dissipation and pecking shells in the later stage. Generally speaking, the humidity of the incubator is 50% to 60%, and the humidity of the hatcher is 65% to 75%. Lower the incubation humidity from 3% to 5% for 1 to 19 days in the early stage of laying, and 70% in 20 to 21 days; use normal humidity in the middle stage of laying; increase the humidity by 3% from 1 to 19 days in the late stage of laying. ~5%, and the humidity of the hatchling is 65%~70% in 20 to 21 days. Check whether the humidity is appropriate and measure the hatching process of the breeding eggs.